Flavor ingredient regulatory record
1,4-Cineole
1,4-Cineole is a terpene in the herbal family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3658 (CAS 470-67-7). Its odor is eucalyptus, minty, fresh, camphoraceous.
- FEMA
- 3658
- CAS
- 470-67-7
- JECFA
- 1233
- EU FL
- 03.007
- Formula
- C10H18O
- EC
- 207-428-9
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 13. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 470-67-7.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-, p-Menthane, 1,4-epoxy-, 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-, 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, Isocineole, 1,4-Cineol, 1-Methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, isocineole, 1,4-cineol, 1,4-epoxy-p-menthane, 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, p-menthane, 1,4-epoxy-.
Can 1,4-Cineole be labeled natural?
Since 1,4-Cineole is found in nature, US labeling follows how it was obtained: natural flavor from a natural source and a natural process, artificial when 1,4-Cineole is synthesized. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic 1,4-Cineole identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
1,4-Cineole is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3658. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 03.007, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
Purity. At least 75%; secondary component 20-25% 1,8-cineole.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1233, evaluated at the 61st meeting in 2003. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. 1,4-Cineole appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 470-67-7, where EPA names it 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Eucalyptus, minty, fresh, camphoraceous.
Taste: Cooling, slightly bitter, herbal.
Where it is used
1,4-Cineole is used in beverage, confection, flavoring and aromatherapy, typically as a herbal note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to 1,4-Cineole by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eucalyptol | 2465 | 81% | In nature |
| (+/-)-2,8-Epithio-cis-p-menthane | 4108 | 80% | Not determined |
| Fenchyl alcohol | 2480 | 69% | In nature |
| 3-Pinanone | 4198 | 68% | Not determined |
| l-fenchone | 4519 | 67% | In nature |
More terpenes in this index
(E,Z)-Phytol · d-Fenchone · Borneol · 4-Thujanol · p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol · p-Cymene
1,4-Cineole FAQ
Does 1,4-Cineole have FEMA GRAS status?
1,4-Cineole holds FEMA GRAS status under FEMA number 3658. It is also codified at 21 CFR 172.515.
How do I cite 1,4-Cineole by FEMA or CAS number?
Cite 1,4-Cineole as FEMA 3658 or CAS 470-67-7; both point to the same entry. FEMA files it in the herbal flavor category.
Can 1,4-Cineole be labeled a natural flavor?
1,4-Cineole occurs in nature, so the label depends on the route: 1,4-Cineole won from a natural source by a physical, enzymatic or microbiological process is natural flavor in the United States, and synthesized 1,4-Cineole is artificial. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
Can 1,4-Cineole be used in the EU and UK?
1,4-Cineole is on the EU Union List of flavouring substances as FL 03.007 (Annex I Part A) under Regulation 1334/2008.
Has JECFA evaluated 1,4-Cineole?
Yes. JECFA number 1233, evaluated at the 61st meeting in 2003. Conclusion: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
What does 1,4-Cineole smell and taste like, and where is it used?
The odor of 1,4-Cineole is eucalyptus, minty, fresh, camphoraceous. On the palate it is cooling, slightly bitter, herbal. Typical uses are beverage, confection, flavoring and aromatherapy.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as 1,4-CINEOLE under CAS 470-67-7 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.