Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Borneol
Borneol is a terpene in the herbal family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2157 (CAS 507-70-0). Its odor is camphoraceous, woody, minty, fresh.
- FEMA
- 2157
- CAS
- 507-70-0
- JECFA
- 1385
- EU FL
- 02.016
- Formula
- C10H18O
- EC
- 208-080-0
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 3. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 507-70-0.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2S,4R)-rel-, Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, endo-, rel-(1R,2S,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, Camphol, endo-Borneol, endo-2-Hydroxy-1,7,7-trimethylnorbornane, 2-Borneol, 2-endo-Bornyl alcohol, dl-Borneol, (±)-Borneol, endo-(±)-Bornan-2-ol, NSC 60223.
Can Borneol be labeled natural?
Nature makes borneol, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial borneol, same molecule. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic borneol identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Borneol is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2157. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 02.016, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1385, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. no safety concern at current levels of intake.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Borneol appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 507-70-0, where EPA names it Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2S,4R)-rel-.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Camphoraceous, woody, minty, fresh.
Taste: Bitter, herbal, cooling.
Where it is used
Borneol is used in beverage, confection, aromatic oils, personal care and culinary, typically as a herbal note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Borneol by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isoborneol | 2158 | 100% | In nature |
| d-Camphor | 2230 | 89% | In nature |
| Fenchyl alcohol | 2480 | 84% | In nature |
| Bornyl formate | 2161 | 81% | In nature |
| Isobornyl acetate | 2160 | 80% | In nature |
More terpenes in this index
(E,Z)-Phytol · p-Cymene · d-Fenchone · 4-Thujanol · p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol · 1,4-Cineole
Borneol FAQ
Is borneol FEMA GRAS?
Yes. The FEMA Expert Panel lists borneol as GRAS under FEMA number 2157. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
What are the FEMA and CAS numbers for borneol?
Borneol is FEMA 2157, CAS 507-70-0. Its flavor category is herbal.
How is borneol described, and where does it show up?
Flavorists describe borneol as camphoraceous, woody, minty, fresh. On the palate it is bitter, herbal, cooling. It is used in beverage, confection, aromatic oils, personal care and culinary.
What did JECFA conclude about borneol?
JECFA evaluated borneol at the 63rd meeting in 2004 under JECFA number 1385. The panel concluded: no safety concern at current levels of intake.
Is borneol on the EU Union List?
Yes. FL 02.016 is the Union List entry for borneol, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Does borneol count as natural in the US and the EU?
The process decides for borneol. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic borneol is artificial. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic borneol identical-to-natural.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as BORNEOL under CAS 507-70-0 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavor enhancer, flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.