Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Bornyl formate
Bornyl formate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2161 (CAS 7492-41-3). Its odor is sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral.
- FEMA
- 2161
- CAS
- 7492-41-3
- JECFA
- 1389
- EU FL
- 09.082
- Formula
- C11H18O2
- EC
- 231-319-5
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 3. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 7492-41-3.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, 2-formate, (1R,2S,4R)-rel-, Borneol, formate, Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, formate, endo-, Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, formate, (1R,2S,4R)-rel-, (-)-Borneol formate, borneol, formate, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl formate, (1,7,7-trimethyl-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl) formate, 1,7,7-trimethyl-formateendo-bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-formateendo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, endoisobornylformate, endo-2-bornanyl formate.
Can Bornyl formate be labeled natural?
Nature makes bornyl formate, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial bornyl formate, same molecule. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Bornyl formate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2161. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.082, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1389, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral.
Where it is used
Bornyl formate is used in beverage, confection, flavoring and baked goods, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Bornyl formate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bornyl butyrate | 3907 | 86% | In nature |
| l-Bornyl acetate | 4080 | 83% | In nature |
| Bornyl acetate | 2159 | 83% | In nature |
| Isobornyl acetate | 2160 | 83% | In nature |
| Bornyl isovalerate | 2165 | 82% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Propyl hexanoate · Methyl 3-(methylthio)propionate · l-Menthyl acetoacetate · mono-Menthyl succinate · Allyl tiglate · cis-Hexenyl tiglate
Bornyl formate FAQ
Does bornyl formate have FEMA GRAS status?
Bornyl formate holds FEMA GRAS status under FEMA number 2161. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
How do I cite bornyl formate by FEMA or CAS number?
Cite bornyl formate as FEMA 2161 or CAS 7492-41-3; both point to the same entry. Its flavor category is fruity.
What does bornyl formate smell and taste like, and where is it used?
The odor of bornyl formate is sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral. Typical uses are beverage, confection, flavoring and baked goods.
What did JECFA conclude about bornyl formate?
JECFA evaluated bornyl formate at the 63rd meeting in 2004 under JECFA number 1389. The panel concluded: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Can bornyl formate be used in the EU and UK?
Yes. FL 09.082 is the Union List entry for bornyl formate, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Can bornyl formate be labeled a natural flavor?
The process decides for bornyl formate. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic bornyl formate is artificial. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as BORNYL FORMATE under CAS 7492-41-3 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.