Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Bornyl butyrate
Bornyl butyrate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3907 (CAS 13109-70-1). Its odor is sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral.
- FEMA
- 3907
- CAS
- 13109-70-1
- JECFA
- 1412
- EU FL
- 09.319
- Formula
- C14H24O2
- EC
- 236-036-0
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 19. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 13109-70-1.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: Butanoic acid, (1R,2S,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester, rel-, Butyric acid, 2-bornyl ester, Butanoic acid, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester, endo-, Borneol, butyrate, Bornyl butanoate, NSC 55399, endo-bornyl butyrate, butyric acid, 2-bornyl ester, bornyl butanoate, butanoic acid, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl ester, endo-, (1,7,7-trimethyl-2-bicyclo(2.2.1)heptanyl) butanoate, butanoic acid, (1r,2s,4r)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl ester, rel-.
Can Bornyl butyrate be labeled natural?
The process decides for bornyl butyrate. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic bornyl butyrate is artificial. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Bornyl butyrate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3907. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.319, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1412, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Bornyl butyrate appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 13109-70-1, where EPA names it Butanoic acid, (1R,2S,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester, rel-.
Inactive in US commerce
EPA designates this substance inactive, so a Notice of Activity Form B is required before anyone manufactures or processes it again. Being FEMA GRAS does not change that. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral.
Where it is used
Bornyl butyrate is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, ice cream and baked goods, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Bornyl butyrate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bornyl isovalerate | 2165 | 97% | In nature |
| Bornyl acetate | 2159 | 94% | In nature |
| Isobornyl acetate | 2160 | 94% | In nature |
| l-Bornyl acetate | 4080 | 94% | In nature |
| Bornyl formate | 2161 | 86% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate · Ethyl 3-octenoate · (E,Z)-Phytyl acetate · Citric acid ester of mono-and di-glycerides of fatty acids · Propyl acetate · Ethyl 2-acetyloctanoate
Bornyl butyrate FAQ
Does bornyl butyrate have FEMA GRAS status?
Bornyl butyrate holds FEMA GRAS status under FEMA number 3907. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
How do I cite bornyl butyrate by FEMA or CAS number?
Cite bornyl butyrate as FEMA 3907 or CAS 13109-70-1; both point to the same entry. Its flavor category is fruity.
What does bornyl butyrate smell and taste like, and where is it used?
The odor of bornyl butyrate is sweet, fruity, pine, herbal, floral. Typical uses are beverage, confection, fruit flavors, ice cream and baked goods.
What did JECFA conclude about bornyl butyrate?
JECFA evaluated bornyl butyrate at the 63rd meeting in 2004 under JECFA number 1412. The panel concluded: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Can bornyl butyrate be used in the EU and UK?
Yes. FL 09.319 is the Union List entry for bornyl butyrate, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Can bornyl butyrate be labeled a natural flavor?
Nature makes bornyl butyrate, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial bornyl butyrate, same molecule. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic bornyl butyrate identical-to-natural.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as BORNYL BUTYRATE under CAS 13109-70-1 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.