Flavor ingredient regulatory record
2-Pentanoylfuran
2-Pentanoylfuran is a furan in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 4192 (CAS 3194-17-0). Its odor is sweet, caramel, nutty, toasted.
- FEMA
- 4192
- CAS
- 3194-17-0
- JECFA
- 1509
- EU FL
- 13.163
- Formula
- C9H12O2
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 22. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 3194-17-0.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 1-Pentanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-, 1-Pentanone, 1-(2-furyl)-, 1-(2-Furanyl)-1-pentanone, Butyl 2-furyl ketone, 2-Valerylfuran, NSC 27359, 2-valerylfuran, butyl 2-furyl ketone, 1-(2-furanyl)-1-pentanone, 2-pentanoylfuran [fhfi], 1-pentanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-, 1-(2-furyl)-1-pentanone.
Can 2-Pentanoylfuran be labeled natural?
2-Pentanoylfuran occurs in nature, so the label depends on the route: 2-Pentanoylfuran won from a natural source by a physical, enzymatic or microbiological process is natural flavor in the United States, and synthesized 2-Pentanoylfuran is artificial. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
2-Pentanoylfuran is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 4192. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 13.163, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1509.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, caramel, nutty, toasted.
Where it is used
2-Pentanoylfuran is used in beverage, confection, bakery, dairy and flavoring, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to 2-Pentanoylfuran by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-Pentylfuran | 3317 | 87% | In nature |
| 2-Butyrylfuran | 4083 | 80% | In nature |
| Furfuryl pentanoate | 3397 | 72% | In nature |
| 5-Hydroxy-2,4-decadienoic acid delta-lactone | 3696 | 67% | In nature |
More furans in this index
2-Ethylfuran · 2-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone · Ethyl furfuryl ether · 2-Acetyl-5-methylfuran · 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran · Furfural
2-Pentanoylfuran FAQ
Does 2-Pentanoylfuran have FEMA GRAS status?
2-Pentanoylfuran holds FEMA GRAS status under FEMA number 4192. It is also codified at 21 CFR 172.515.
How do I cite 2-Pentanoylfuran by FEMA or CAS number?
Cite 2-Pentanoylfuran as FEMA 4192 or CAS 3194-17-0; both point to the same entry. FEMA files it in the fruity flavor category.
Can 2-Pentanoylfuran be labeled a natural flavor?
Since 2-Pentanoylfuran is found in nature, US labeling follows how it was obtained: natural flavor from a natural source and a natural process, artificial when 2-Pentanoylfuran is synthesized. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
Can 2-Pentanoylfuran be used in the EU and UK?
2-Pentanoylfuran is on the EU Union List of flavouring substances as FL 13.163 (Annex I Part A) under Regulation 1334/2008.
Has JECFA evaluated 2-Pentanoylfuran?
Yes. JECFA number 1509.
What does 2-Pentanoylfuran smell and taste like, and where is it used?
The odor of 2-Pentanoylfuran is sweet, caramel, nutty, toasted. Typical uses are beverage, confection, bakery, dairy and flavoring.
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Guides: What Is FEMA GRAS? · Natural vs artificial · Filing a GRAS notification
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as 2-PENTANOYLFURAN under CAS 3194-17-0 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.