Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Phenethyl tiglate
Phenethyl tiglate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2870 (CAS 55719-85-2). Its odor is sweet, fruity, floral, peach, tropical.
- FEMA
- 2870
- CAS
- 55719-85-2
- JECFA
- 997
- EU FL
- 09.496
- Formula
- C13H16O2
- EC
- 259-774-5
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 3. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 55719-85-2.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester, (2E)-, 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester, (E)-, Phenylethyl tiglate, 2-Phenylethyl tiglate, β-Phenylethyl tiglate, NSC 69122, phenylethyl tiglate, phenethyl 2-methylcrotonate, 2-phenylethyl (e)-2-methylbut-2-enoate, 2-butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester, (2e)-, 2-phenylethyl tiglate, 2-phenylethyl (2e)-2-methylbut-2-enoate.
Can Phenethyl tiglate be labeled natural?
Since phenethyl tiglate is found in nature, US labeling follows how it was obtained: natural flavor from a natural source and a natural process, artificial when phenethyl tiglate is synthesized. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Phenethyl tiglate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2870. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.496, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 997, evaluated at the 59th meeting in 2002. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Phenethyl tiglate appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 55719-85-2, where EPA names it 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester, (2E)-.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, floral, peach, tropical.
Where it is used
Phenethyl tiglate is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and dairy, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Phenethyl tiglate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| cis-3-Hexenyl benzoate | 3688 | 77% | In nature |
| Cinnamyl butyrate | 2296 | 70% | In nature |
| Phenethyl cinnamate | 2863 | 68% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Ethyl cinnamate · Rhodinyl isovalerate · Benzyl acetoacetate · Dihydrocarvyl acetate · Isobutyl N-methylanthranilate · cis-Hexenyl tiglate
Phenethyl tiglate FAQ
Is phenethyl tiglate on the FEMA GRAS list?
It is. FEMA number 2870 covers phenethyl tiglate. It is also codified at 21 CFR 172.515.
What is the FEMA number for phenethyl tiglate?
The FEMA number for phenethyl tiglate is 2870 and its CAS registry number is 55719-85-2. FEMA files it in the fruity flavor category.
Is phenethyl tiglate natural or artificial?
Phenethyl tiglate occurs in nature, so the label depends on the route: phenethyl tiglate won from a natural source by a physical, enzymatic or microbiological process is natural flavor in the United States, and synthesized phenethyl tiglate is artificial. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
Is phenethyl tiglate approved in the EU?
Phenethyl tiglate is on the EU Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.496 (Annex I Part A) under Regulation 1334/2008.
Has JECFA evaluated phenethyl tiglate?
Yes. JECFA number 997, evaluated at the 59th meeting in 2002. Conclusion: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
What is phenethyl tiglate used for?
Phenethyl tiglate is described as sweet, fruity, floral, peach, tropical. It shows up in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and dairy.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as PHENETHYL TIGLATE under CAS 55719-85-2 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.