Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Piperitenone oxide
Piperitenone oxide is a terpene in the mint family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 4199 (CAS 35178-55-3). Its odor is minty, herbal, fresh, cooling.
- FEMA
- 4199
- CAS
- 35178-55-3
- JECFA
- 1574
- Formula
- C10H14O2
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 22. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 35178-55-3.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one, 6-methyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)-, p-Menth-4(8)-en-3-one, 1,2-epoxy-, 6-Methyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one, Piperitenone epoxide, 6-Methyl-3-(propan-2-ylidene)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one, 7-oxabicyclo4.1.0heptan-2-one, 6-methyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)-, 6-methyl-3-propan-2-ylidene-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one, 1,2-epoxy-p-menth-4(8)-en-3-one, 6-methyl-3-(propan-2-ylidene)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one, [1s,6s,(+)]-6-methyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2-one, p-menth-4(8)-en-3-one, 1,2-epoxy-, 6-methyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)-7-oxabicyclo(4.1.0)heptan-2-one.
Can Piperitenone oxide be labeled natural?
The process decides for piperitenone oxide. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic piperitenone oxide is artificial. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic piperitenone oxide identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Piperitenone oxide is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 4199. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
No EU FL number is on file for Piperitenone oxide. That is not a finding either way. The Union List covers defined flavouring substances, so natural complex materials are handled as flavouring preparations under Parts B to F and never receive a number, and substances used as additives sit under Regulation 1333/2008 instead. Confirm the position before EU or UK use.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1574, evaluated at the 65th meeting in 2005. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
Odor and taste
Odor: Minty, herbal, fresh, cooling.
Where it is used
Piperitenone oxide is used in beverage, confection, oral care and flavoring, typically as a mint note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Piperitenone oxide by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| trans-Carvone-5,6-oxide | 4084 | 84% | In nature |
| l-8-p-Menthene-1,2-epoxide | 4656 | 82% | In nature |
| beta-Ionone epoxide | 4144 | 80% | In nature |
| Ethyl methyl-p-tolylglycidate | 3757 | 70% | In nature |
| Ethyl 3-phenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate | 2454 | 58% | In nature |
More terpenes in this index
d-Camphor · Dihydrocarveol · Isopulegone · p-Menth-3-en-1-ol · p-Mentha-1,4-diene · l-8-p-Menthene-1,2-epoxide
Piperitenone oxide FAQ
Is piperitenone oxide on the FEMA GRAS list?
It is. FEMA number 4199 covers piperitenone oxide. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
What is the FEMA number for piperitenone oxide?
The FEMA number for piperitenone oxide is 4199 and its CAS registry number is 35178-55-3. Its flavor category is mint.
What is piperitenone oxide used for?
Piperitenone oxide is described as minty, herbal, fresh, cooling. It shows up in beverage, confection, oral care and flavoring.
What did JECFA conclude about piperitenone oxide?
JECFA evaluated piperitenone oxide at the 65th meeting in 2005 under JECFA number 1574. The panel concluded: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Is piperitenone oxide approved in the EU?
No EU FL number is on file for piperitenone oxide. It has a JECFA evaluation (JECFA 1574), which the EU list draws on, but the Union List entry itself should be confirmed before EU use.
Is piperitenone oxide natural or artificial?
Nature makes piperitenone oxide, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial piperitenone oxide, same molecule. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as PIPERITENONE OXIDE under CAS 35178-55-3 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.