Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3648 (CAS 84788-08-9). Its odor is sweet, fruity, tropical, berry, floral.
- FEMA
- 3648
- CAS
- 84788-08-9
- JECFA
- 1194
- EU FL
- 09.840
- Formula
- C13H22O2
- EC
- 284-147-8
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 12. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 84788-08-9.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 2,4-Decadienoic acid, propyl ester, propyl deca-2,4-dienoate, propyl (e,z)-2,4-decadienoate.
Can Propyl 2,4-decadienoate be labeled natural?
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate occurs in nature, so the label depends on the route: propyl 2,4-decadienoate won from a natural source by a physical, enzymatic or microbiological process is natural flavor in the United States, and synthesized propyl 2,4-decadienoate is artificial. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3648. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.840, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1194, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. no safety concern at current levels of intake.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, tropical, berry, floral.
Where it is used
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and desserts, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Propyl 2,4-decadienoate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethyl trans-2-cis-4-decadienoate | 3148 | 96% | In nature |
| trans-2-Octen-1-yl butanoate | 3517 | 93% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Methylthio 2-(propionyloxy)propionate · Butyl salicylate · l-Bornyl acetate · Allyl phenylacetate · Butyl isovalerate · Ethyl anthranilate
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate FAQ
Is propyl 2,4-decadienoate FEMA GRAS?
Yes. The FEMA Expert Panel lists propyl 2,4-decadienoate as GRAS under FEMA number 3648. It is also codified at 21 CFR 172.515.
What are the FEMA and CAS numbers for propyl 2,4-decadienoate?
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate is FEMA 3648, CAS 84788-08-9. FEMA files it in the fruity flavor category.
Does propyl 2,4-decadienoate count as natural in the US and the EU?
Since propyl 2,4-decadienoate is found in nature, US labeling follows how it was obtained: natural flavor from a natural source and a natural process, artificial when propyl 2,4-decadienoate is synthesized. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
Is propyl 2,4-decadienoate on the EU Union List?
Propyl 2,4-decadienoate is on the EU Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.840 (Annex I Part A) under Regulation 1334/2008.
Has JECFA evaluated propyl 2,4-decadienoate?
Yes. JECFA number 1194, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. Conclusion: no safety concern at current levels of intake.
How is propyl 2,4-decadienoate described, and where does it show up?
Flavorists describe propyl 2,4-decadienoate as sweet, fruity, tropical, berry, floral. It is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and desserts.
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Guides: What Is FEMA GRAS? · Natural vs artificial · Filing a GRAS notification
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as PROPYL 2,4-DECADIENOATE under CAS 84788-08-9 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.