Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3320 (CAS 65505-25-1). Its odor is sweet, fruity, floral, cinnamon, warm.
- FEMA
- 3320
- CAS
- 65505-25-1
- JECFA
- 1447
- EU FL
- 13.060
- Formula
- C14H16O3
- EC
- 265-799-2
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 5. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 65505-25-1.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, (tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl ester, (Tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, oxolan-2-ylmethyl (e)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, tetrahydro-2-furylmethyl cinnamate, tetrahydrofurfuryl 3-phenylpropenoate, tetrahydro-2-furylmethyl 3-phenylpropenoate, 2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, (tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl ester, tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate [fhfi], oxolan-2-ylmethyl (2e)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, (+-)-tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate, (tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, 2-propenoic acid,3-phenyl-, (tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl ester.
Can Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate be labeled natural?
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate occurs in nature, so the label depends on the route: tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate won from a natural source by a physical, enzymatic or microbiological process is natural flavor in the United States, and synthesized tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is artificial. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3320. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 13.060, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (EFSA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 1447, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, floral, cinnamon, warm.
Where it is used
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is used in beverage, confection, baked goods, flavoring and desserts, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclohexyl cinnamate | 2352 | 84% | In nature |
| Phenethyl cinnamate | 2863 | 80% | In nature |
| Isoamyl cinnamate | 2063 | 80% | In nature |
| Cinnamyl cinnamate | 2298 | 79% | In nature |
| Benzyl cinnamate | 2142 | 78% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Triethyl citrate · Guaiacol isobutyrate · Methyl anisate · Phenethyl cinnamate · Ethyl sorbate · cis-3-Hexenyl anthranilate
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate FAQ
Is tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate on the FEMA GRAS list?
It is. FEMA number 3320 covers tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate. It is also codified at 21 CFR 172.515.
What is the FEMA number for tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate?
The FEMA number for tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is 3320 and its CAS registry number is 65505-25-1. FEMA files it in the fruity flavor category.
Is tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate natural or artificial?
Since tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is found in nature, US labeling follows how it was obtained: natural flavor from a natural source and a natural process, artificial when tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is synthesized. The EU and UK follow the same logic without a middle class; Mercosur and Mexico label synthetic tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate identical-to-natural.
Is tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate approved in the EU?
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is on the EU Union List of flavouring substances as FL 13.060 (Annex I Part A) under Regulation 1334/2008.
Has JECFA evaluated tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate?
Yes. JECFA number 1447, evaluated at the 63rd meeting in 2004. Conclusion: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
What is tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate used for?
Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate is described as sweet, fruity, floral, cinnamon, warm. It shows up in beverage, confection, baked goods, flavoring and desserts.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as TETRAHYDROFURFURYL CINNAMATE under CAS 65505-25-1 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.