Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3505 (CAS 27625-35-0). Its odor is sweet, fruity, banana, pear, apple.
- FEMA
- 3505
- CAS
- 27625-35-0
- JECFA
- 51
- EU FL
- 09.530
- Formula
- C10H20O2
- EC
- 248-581-1
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 10. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 27625-35-0.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester, Isopentyl 2-methylbutanoate, 3-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate, 3-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate, Isoamyl 2-methylbutanoate, Isoamyl α-methylbutyrate, Isopentyl 2-methylbutyrate, 3-methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate, isopentyl 2-methylbutyrate, butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester, isopentyl 2-methylbutanoate, 3-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate.
Can Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate be labeled natural?
Nature makes isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate, same molecule. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 3505. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.530, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (JECFA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 51, evaluated at the 46th meeting in 1996. no safety concern at current levels of intake.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 27625-35-0, where EPA names it Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, banana, pear, apple.
Where it is used
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and ice cream, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isoamyl isovalerate | 2085 | 81% | In nature |
| Isoamyl hexanoate | 2075 | 78% | In nature |
| Butyl isovalerate | 2218 | 78% | In nature |
| 3-Methyl-2,4-nonanedione | 4057 | 70% | In nature |
More esters in this index
3-Oxohexadecanoic acid glyceride · (E,Z)-Phytyl acetate · Isoamyl phenylacetate · Allyl hexanoate · (Z)-3-Hexenyl 2-oxopropionate · Ethyl 2-acetyloctanoate
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate FAQ
Does isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate have FEMA GRAS status?
Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate holds FEMA GRAS status under FEMA number 3505. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
How do I cite isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate by FEMA or CAS number?
Cite isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate as FEMA 3505 or CAS 27625-35-0; both point to the same entry. Its flavor category is fruity.
What does isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate smell and taste like, and where is it used?
The odor of isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate is sweet, fruity, banana, pear, apple. Typical uses are beverage, confection, fruit flavors, bakery and ice cream.
What did JECFA conclude about isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate?
JECFA evaluated isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate at the 46th meeting in 1996 under JECFA number 51. The panel concluded: no safety concern at current levels of intake.
Can isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate be used in the EU and UK?
Yes. FL 09.530 is the Union List entry for isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Can isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate be labeled a natural flavor?
The process decides for isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate is artificial. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
Ingredient lookup
Check an ingredient
Start typing to search the ingredient corpus.
Or browse every ingredient page, A to Z.
Guides: What Is FEMA GRAS? · Natural vs artificial · Filing a GRAS notification
Check Isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate in a formula
Screened against FEMA GRAS, 21 CFR and EU rules as you build. Free to start.
Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as ISOAMYL 2-METHYLBUTYRATE under CAS 27625-35-0 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.