Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Menthyl isovalerate
Menthyl isovalerate is an ester in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2669 (CAS 16409-46-4). Its odor is sweet, fruity, apple, floral, minty.
- FEMA
- 2669
- CAS
- 16409-46-4
- JECFA
- 432
- EU FL
- 09.455
- Formula
- C15H28O2
- EC
- 240-460-1
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 3. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 16409-46-4.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl ester, Menthol, isovalerate, Isovaleric acid, p-menth-3-yl ester, butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl ester, 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate, 5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate, menthylisovalerianat, (5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl) 3-methylbutanoate, menthyl isovalerate, >=98%, fg, ebc-616979, hy-w683864, ts-10158.
Can Menthyl isovalerate be labeled natural?
Nature makes menthyl isovalerate, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial menthyl isovalerate, same molecule. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Menthyl isovalerate is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2669. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 09.455, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (JECFA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 432, evaluated at the 51st meeting in 1998. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Menthyl isovalerate appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 16409-46-4, where EPA names it Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl ester.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, fruity, apple, floral, minty.
Where it is used
Menthyl isovalerate is used in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, ice cream and candies, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Menthyl isovalerate by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| l-Menthyl butyrate | 4524 | 95% | Not determined |
| Menthyl valerate | 4156 | 91% | In nature |
| Menthyl propionate | 4510 | 86% | Not determined |
| l-Menthyl acetoacetate | 4327 | 85% | In nature |
| Rhodinyl isovalerate | 2987 | 79% | In nature |
More esters in this index
Ethyl 3-oxohexanoate · Anisyl phenylacetate · Propyl acetate · Ethyl sorbate · Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate · Glucose pentaacetate
Menthyl isovalerate FAQ
Is menthyl isovalerate on the FEMA GRAS list?
It is. FEMA number 2669 covers menthyl isovalerate. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
What is the FEMA number for menthyl isovalerate?
The FEMA number for menthyl isovalerate is 2669 and its CAS registry number is 16409-46-4. Its flavor category is fruity.
What is menthyl isovalerate used for?
Menthyl isovalerate is described as sweet, fruity, apple, floral, minty. It shows up in beverage, confection, fruit flavors, ice cream and candies.
What did JECFA conclude about menthyl isovalerate?
JECFA evaluated menthyl isovalerate at the 51st meeting in 1998 under JECFA number 432. The panel concluded: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Is menthyl isovalerate approved in the EU?
Yes. FL 09.455 is the Union List entry for menthyl isovalerate, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Is menthyl isovalerate natural or artificial?
The process decides for menthyl isovalerate. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic menthyl isovalerate is artificial. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
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Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as MENTHYL ISOVALERATE under CAS 16409-46-4 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.