Flavor ingredient regulatory record
Carveol
Carveol is a terpene in the fruity family, FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2247 (CAS 99-48-9). Its odor is sweet, minty, herbal, citrus, fresh.
- FEMA
- 2247
- CAS
- 99-48-9
- JECFA
- 381
- EU FL
- 02.062
- Formula
- C10H16O
- EC
- 202-757-4
GRAS status: FEMA GRAS, publication 3. Recorded by FDA in the Substances Added to Food inventory under CAS 99-48-9.
Structure
Identity
Also known as: 2-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-, p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol, 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-ol, 2-Methyl-5-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol, p-Mentha-1,8-dien-6-ol, 5-Isopropenyl-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol, NSC 68313, 5-Isopropenyl-2-methylcyclohex-2-enol, 2-Methyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-ol, 2-Methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol, p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol, p-mentha-1,8-dien-6-ol.
Can Carveol be labeled natural?
The process decides for carveol. It occurs in nature, so a natural-source, natural-process material is natural flavor in the US and synthetic carveol is artificial. The EU and UK grant the natural claim only to that natural route; Mercosur and Mexico call synthetic material identical-to-natural.
- United States
- Natural or artificial, by process
- European Union and UK
- Natural only from natural material
- Mercosur and Mexico
- Natural or identical-to-natural
How each market defines the classes: natural vs artificial flavor under 21 CFR 101.22.
Regulatory status, with citations
United States
Carveol is FEMA GRAS under FEMA number 2247. It is cited in the Code of Federal Regulations at 21 CFR 172.515.
European Union and United Kingdom
Listed on the Union List of flavouring substances as FL 02.062, Annex I Part A under Regulation (EC) 1334/2008, evaluation status approved (JECFA). The UK retains the same list.
JECFA (WHO / FAO)
JECFA number 381, evaluated at the 51st meeting in 1998. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Other US flags
Not on the California Proposition 65 list.
TSCA Inventory status
A flavor ingredient is also an industrial chemical. Carveol appears on the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory under CAS 99-48-9, where EPA names it 2-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-.
Active in US commerce
EPA designates this substance active, so no Notice of Activity Form B is required before manufacturing. What active and inactive mean.
EPA publishes no regulatory flags on this listing. What the flags mean.
From the EPA non-confidential TSCA Inventory, July 2026 release. EPA also maintains a confidential portion it does not publish. Search the Inventory by CAS number.
Odor and taste
Odor: Sweet, minty, herbal, citrus, fresh.
Taste: Minty, refreshing, slightly sweet.
Where it is used
Carveol is used in beverage, confection, flavoring and aroma compounds, typically as a fruity note.
Structurally similar flavor ingredients
Flavor ingredients with a GRAS determination closest to Carveol by structure. Whether one can replace it is a sensory and regulatory call; the reformulation tool works that through.
| Material | FEMA | Similarity | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dihydrocarveol | 2379 | 95% | In nature |
| Dihydrocarvone | 3565 | 92% | In nature |
| d-Carvone | 2249 | 92% | In nature |
| 6-Hydroxycarvone | 4523 | 77% | In nature |
| 8-p-Menthene-1,2-diol | 4409 | 75% | In nature |
More terpenes in this index
2,2,6-Trimethyl-6-vinyltetrahydropyran · beta-Farnesene · (E,R)-3,7-Dimethyl-1,5,7-octatrien-3-ol · Allyl alpha-ionone · alpha-Phellandrene · 2,2,6,7-Tetramethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nona-4,9(1)-dien-8-ol
Carveol FAQ
Is carveol FEMA GRAS?
Yes. The FEMA Expert Panel lists carveol as GRAS under FEMA number 2247. The Code of Federal Regulations lists it at 21 CFR 172.515.
What are the FEMA and CAS numbers for carveol?
Carveol is FEMA 2247, CAS 99-48-9. Its flavor category is fruity.
How is carveol described, and where does it show up?
Flavorists describe carveol as sweet, minty, herbal, citrus, fresh. On the palate it is minty, refreshing, slightly sweet. It is used in beverage, confection, flavoring and aroma compounds.
What did JECFA conclude about carveol?
JECFA evaluated carveol at the 51st meeting in 1998 under JECFA number 381. The panel concluded: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent.
Is carveol on the EU Union List?
Yes. FL 02.062 is the Union List entry for carveol, annex I Part A, under Regulation 1334/2008, and the UK keeps the same list.
Does carveol count as natural in the US and the EU?
Nature makes carveol, which is why the US label turns on process. A natural route gives natural flavor; synthesis gives artificial carveol, same molecule. In the EU and UK the natural claim likewise needs the natural route, while Mercosur and Mexico keep a third class, identical-to-natural, for the synthetic material.
Ingredient lookup
Check an ingredient
Start typing to search the ingredient corpus.
Or browse every ingredient page, A to Z.
Guides: What Is FEMA GRAS? · Natural vs artificial · Filing a GRAS notification
Check Carveol in a formula
Screened against FEMA GRAS, 21 CFR and EU rules as you build. Free to start.
Sources and attribution. The identity and regulatory facts on this page are taken from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, a US government record, which lists this substance as CARVEOL under CAS 99-48-9 and carries its FEMA number, its JECFA flavor number and its 21 CFR citations. The inventory is searchable at FDA. FDA records its technical effect as flavor enhancer, flavoring agent or adjuvant.
A FEMA GRAS conclusion is reached by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, and the FEMA number names that conclusion. FEMA publishes its own entry for this substance in the FEMA Flavor Library, which is the authoritative record of what the Panel decided and is worth reading alongside this page.
Ambrose Compliance is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by FEMA. FEMA and FEMA GRAS are used here as identifiers for a published regulatory determination, not as marks of any relationship between FEMA and Ambrose.
About this page. Facts come from the FDA Substances Added to Food inventory, the Code of Federal Regulations, the EPA TSCA Inventory, the EU Union List, JECFA and the Ambrose database, with FEMA's published determination cited where it applies; parts of the text are written by Ambrose AI, which can make mistakes. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. This is not regulatory or legal advice.